Geographical Indication Vojvodina - Spatial Analysis of Changes and Classification of the Indication According to Viticultural Bioclimatic Indices

Jakšić, Darko and Vuković Vimić, Ana and Vujadinović Mandić, Mirjam and Perović, Veljko and Bradić, Ivan (2024) Geographical Indication Vojvodina - Spatial Analysis of Changes and Classification of the Indication According to Viticultural Bioclimatic Indices. In: Book of Abstracts from the 17th Serbian Congress of Fruit and Grapevine Producers with International Participation. Faculty of Arhitecture, Belgrade, pp. 124-127. ISBN 978-86-7834-443-5

Text Jakšić, Vimić Vuković, Mandić Vukadinović, Perović, Bradić - 17. kongres voćara (2024).pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (235kB)

Abstract

The Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) Vojvodina is the most recently registered geographical indication for wine in Serbia. In order to create the product specification for the PGI, a scientific study was carried out, which included analysis of climatic parameters (basic climatic elements of terroir) for a 30-year climatological period (1988-2017). These parameters were compared with data from the viticulture zoning of wine-growing areas for the period 1961-2010 to determine climate changes within this geographical indication. The spatial data of the basic climatic elements of the terroir for the PGI Vojvodina were processed in QGIS v 2.18 and ArcGIS software and finally presented as thematic maps. For a detailed assessment of the climatic conditions of the PGI Vojvodina, a Conceptual Multifactorial Spatial Terroir model (CMST model) was applied, classifying the entire area according to modeled suitability classes. This paper presents the obtained attribute and spatial data for some of the most important viticultural bioclimatic indices as basic elements of terroir for the PGI Vojvodina, namely: Average Growing Season Temperature (AVG), Winkler Degree Days/Growing Degree Days (WI), Huglin Heliothermal Index (HI), Cool Night Index (CI) and Drought Index (DI) for the climatological periods 1961-2010 and 1988-2017. The values of most of these bioclimatic indices, except for the CI, improved when comparing the more recent climatological period (1988-2017) with the earlier one (period for the viticulture zoning 1961-2010), especially in the case of the WI, which may require changes in national legislation. Based on the CMST modeling and mapping for the period 1988-2017, it was concluded that most of the area of the PGI Vojvodina (62.65 %) can be classified as very suitable (value 4) in terms of AVG, while for the earlier period (1961-2010) most of the area (73.33 %) belonged to a less suitable class (value 2). Regarding the WI, 54.86 % of the PGI area belongs to the very suitable class (value 4), while 18.55 % is classified as the most suitable class (value 5) for the climatological period 1988-2017. According to the general WI climate classification, 95.3 % of the PGI Vojvodina falls into III climate class (climate zone C I according to the EU classification). Significant climatic changes are shown by the data from the earlier period 1961-2010, according to which most of the territory (91.15 %) belonged to the less suitable CMST class (value 2) or to II general WI climate class (B climate zone according to the EU classification). The majority (86.05 %) of the PGI Vojvodina falls into the most suitable HI class (value 5) in the CMST model for the period 1988- 2017, while for the period 1961-2010 this modeled class accounted for 49.37 %. A large proportion (78.60 %) of the PGI has the most suitable CI suitability class (value 5) in the CMST model for the period 1988-2017. However, partial deterioration of this climatic basic element of the terroir is evident when compared to the earlier climatological period (1961-2010), when as much as 98.99 % of the area had the most suitable CMST class. As far as DI is concerned, the majority of the PGI Vojvodina (64.36 %) falls into the very suitable CMST class (value 4), while 35.64 % belongs to the suitable class (value 3). In the earlier climatological period (1961-2010), as much as 90.54 % of the area belonged to the more humid, less suitable CMST class (value 2). The observed and spatially presented changes in the values of the analyzed viticultural bioclimatic indices, as climatic basic elements of the terroir for the PGI Vojvodina, indicate the need to adapt viticulture and wine production to these changes, including the introduction of certain adaptation measures, particularly concerning the deterioration of the Cool Night Index (CI).

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