The application of advanced technologies in the research of terroir factors in viticulture and oenology

Jakšić, Darko and Perović, Veljko and Bradić, Ivan and Ninkov, Jordana and Maras, Vesna and La Notte, Pierfederico and Vujadinović Mandić, Mirjam (2023) The application of advanced technologies in the research of terroir factors in viticulture and oenology. In: XII International Symposium on Agricultural Sciences AgroReS 2023, 24-26, May, Trebinje. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, pp. 64-75. ISBN 2831-1248

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Abstract

Faced with a very picky market and strong competition from high-qulity imported wines, it is necessary to shed light on the terroir characteristics of local wine-growing areas and the typicality of local wines, as this represents an opportunity to enhance the wine sector through geographical indications and the protection of small appellations. A necessary step in this complex process is the application of advanced technologies, i.e. new techniques and different modelling methods, accompanied by a spatial analysis of different parameters through the geographic information system (GIS). This paper presents several examples of application of advanced technologies and development of innovative modelling methods in viticulture and winemaking in the Oplenac wine-growing district (Serbia), all of which have the potential for wider application and adaptation of developed methods to conditions in other wine-growing areas of the region. With the aim of studying the terroir factors, this paper presents modelling performed by applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, which was used for modelling and classification of the studied abiotic terroir factors in hierarchical levels. The modelling and classification of the abiotic terroir factors in hierarchical levels was performed using the Geographical Detector Method (GDM). Modelling with TOPSIS method was used in this work to present an example of modelling and ranking of analysed anthropogenic terroir factors. The application of the GIS technology was used in this paper to present examples of mapping favorability classes of abiotic and anthropogenic terroir factors and small appellations in particular absolute, elite, historic and organic vineyards, i.e. viticultural parcels. The Random Forest Clustering (RFC) method was used to present examples of wine quality and typicality prediction. Through this modelling, a link is established between the terroir factors studied and wine quality and typicity, which forms the basis for the protection of geographical indications in the EU PDO/PGI system. Finally, a comprehensive classification of viticultural micro-areas was made based on all the viticultural-oenological models developed.

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