Examining Tourism Valorization of Botanical Gardens Through a Fuzzy SiWeC-TOPSIS Framework

Štilić, Anđelka and Bosna, Jurica and Puška, Adis and Nedeljković, Miroslav (2025) Examining Tourism Valorization of Botanical Gardens Through a Fuzzy SiWeC-TOPSIS Framework. Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, 6 (4). ISSN 2673-5636

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Abstract

This paper evaluates botanical gardens in terms of their potential for tourist valorization, aiming to identify the garden with the highest tourist appeal and integration opportunities within the tourist market. Based on a literature review and established attractiveness criteria, a methodological framework using multi-criteria decision-making was developed to compare and rank the botanical gardens. The empirical part of the study focuses on botanical gardens in Split-Dalmatia County, including six gardens evaluated across nine criteria. Eight local tourism experts assessed the importance of these criteria and the gardens’ performance. The fuzzy SiWeC (SImple WEight Calculation) method was used to determine the importance of each criterion. The fuzzy TOPSIS method (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) was used to measure the potential of botanical gardens. The main results obtained with this approach showed that the most important criteria are C4-Visitor content and C3-Biodiversity conservation. The Botanical Garden of Primary School Ostrog has the greatest potential, followed by the Botanical Garden Split. All observed botanical gardens have excellent tourist potential, with minimal differences in ranking among them. These findings demonstrate that botanical gardens play a key role in diversifying the tourist offer, reducing seasonality, and increasing the overall attractiveness of destinations. They also contribute to raising environmental awareness and emphasizing the importance of nature conservation and sustainable development, aligning with the increasing tourist interest in natural and ecologically responsible experiences. This study offers practical insights, as the results can assist garden management, tourism communities, and policymakers in developing and promoting strategies. Additionally, the framework proposed can be applied in other regional and international contexts.

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